Diagnostic Endoscopy

A direct visual examination of the digestive tract to investigate symptoms, obtain tissue samples, and accurately diagnose gastrointestinal and liver-related issues

Overview

Endoscopy is a specialised procedure that allows a doctor to visually examine the interior surfaces of an organ or tissue. Using an endoscope—a flexible, thin tube equipped with a light and a high-definition camera—we can safely navigate and inspect your digestive tract.

Types of Endoscopy

Gastroscopy (Upper GI Endoscopy)

Gastroscopy is the endoscopic procedure that allows direct visual examination of the oesophagus (food pipe), stomach, and first part of the small intestine using a thin, flexible camera. It is used to investigate symptoms and conditions such as reflux, upper abdominal pain, swallowing difficulties, nausea or vomiting, anaemia, or gastrointestinal bleeding. During the procedure, biopsies can be taken if needed, and certain treatments can be performed, such as treatment of varices.

Gastroscopy can help diagnose:

  • Oesophageal and gastric varices
  • Acid reflux and oesophagitis
  • Gastritis and ulcers
  • Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Coeliac disease
  • Oesophageal or gastric cancer

Colonoscopy (Lower GI Endoscopy)

Colonoscopy examines the large bowel (colon) using a flexible camera to investigate symptoms and screen for bowel disease. It is the most accurate test for detecting inflammation, polyps, and colorectal cancer. The procedure allows polyps to be removed and biopsies to be taken during the same examination.

Colonoscopy is commonly performed to investigate:

  • Abdominal pain or bloating
  • Changes in bowel habits
  • Unexplained weight loss and anaemia
  • Rectal bleeding
  • Chronic diarrhoea
  • Colorectal cancer screening

Flexible Sigmoidoscopy

Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a shorter endoscopic examination that evaluates the rectum and lower part of the large bowel (colon). It is often used when symptoms are limited to the lower bowel or when a focused examination is appropriate. The procedure is usually quick and does not require full bowel preparation.

Flexible sigmoidoscopy is useful for:

  • Rectal bleeding
  • Changes in bowel habits
  • Suspected inflammatory bowel disease
  • Follow-up of known conditions
  • Surveillance after previous findings